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This is an old revision of UnknownMagazine made by ToddMason on 2006-04-15 17:20:56.
Unknown
Unknown (later known as Unknown Worlds) is one of the most fondly-remembered of the fantasy pulps, perhaps rivaled in this only by the first incarnation of WeirdTales Weird Tales. Edited by CampbellJohnW John W. Campbell Jr., it published a wide array of much-reprinted and influential fantasy fiction in its four and a half year run, much of the fiction notable for a "logical" approach to fantastic events.
History
Founded in 1939, Unknown (later Unknown Worlds) was an indication of the faith publishers StreetandSmith Street and Smith were ready to place in their young editor of AstoundingMagazine Astounding, CampbellJohnW John W. Campbell Jr.
Despite the rather rocky history of FantasyGenre fantasy fiction pulps, with the failures of largely-fantasy ThrillBook The Thrill Book and AstoundingMagazine Astoundingís former Clayton stablemate StrangeTales Strange Tales, along with the continuing marginal commercial status of WeirdTales Weird Tales, Campbell apparently made the argument that work such as Eric Frank Russellís Sinister Barrier, the lead novel in the first issue (dated March), would be better presented in a fantasy setting rather than as ScienceFictionGenre science fiction in AstoundingMagazine Astounding. Considering the thread of fantasy and near fantasy Campbell would continue to publish in /AstoundingMagazine Astounding after Unknownís folding in 1943, it was clear that his heart was at least as much with the kind of ìrational fantasyî he published in Unknown as with the ìhardî science fiction he is best-remembered for.
Sinister Barrier wouldn't have been too out of place in AstoundingMagazine Astounding, but the first issue also boasted a fine grim WellmanManlyWade Manly Wade Wellman HorrorGenre horror story, ìWhere Angels Fear,î and GoldHL H. L. Goldís ìTrouble with Water,î a fresh variation on the kind of humorous fantasy Thorne Smith was publishing to great success in book form. This last vein was probably the mode Unknown has been best remembered for, stories which followed H.G. Wellsís dictum that a fantastic story should have only one miraculous situation in it and retain as much realism as possible around that miracle; Campbell published a number of similar works, particularly by DeCampSprague L. Sprague de Camp alone and in collaboration, which featured a fairly rigoruous working-out of the limits of the fantasy devices employed.
Rather more straightforward exotic-adventure fantasy, by the likes of HubbardRon L. Ron Hubbard and PageNorvell Norvell Page, was also a staple of the magazine, which was the first to publish both LeiberFritz Fritz Leiber and his SwordAndSorceryGenre sword and sorcery heroes FafhrdandGreyMouser Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser (stories which Campbell supposedly consistently suggested would be better suited to WeirdTales Weird Tales, where editor WrightFarnsworth Farnsworth Wright seemed more interested in Leiberís horror fiction).
Leiberís groundbreaking urban horror story ìSmoke Ghostî and first novel ìConjure Wifeî were among the most important examples of the macabre Unknown would publish; like Leiber, another new Campbell star, SturgeonTheodore Theodore Sturgeon was also publishing in AstoundingMagazine Astounding but seemed at least as much at home in Unknown, offering among many others such influential horror stories as ìItî and ìShottle Bop,î and slightly more surreal exercises such as ìThe Ultimate Egoistî and ìYesterday was Monday.î In fact, most of Campbellís favorites in AstoundingMagazine Astounding, including HeinleinRobert Robert Heinlein, VanVogtAe A. E. van Vogt, CartmillCleve Cleve Cartmill, KuttnerHenry Henry Kuttner and others, would also publish in Unknown.
The magazine gave up on cover paintings with the 17th issue, July 1940, opting instead for a rather reserved cover template, with several story titles and their authors listed with a small spot illustration next to each title; the magazine also went at this point from standard pulp size to bedsheet size. With the 27th issue, October 1941, the title change to Unknown Worlds was effected, perhaps in hopes of drawing more science fiction-oriented readers; apparently, sales didn't warrant its continuation during World War IIís paper shortages, and it folded with the October 1943 issue, its 39th.
StreetandSmith Street and Smith tested the market again in 1948, with an all-reprint special annual titled From Unknown Worlds, but did not pursue the project further.
Many stories published in the magazine have been very widely reprinted since, and several further anthologies have been drawn from its pages, most influentially D.R. Bensenís The Unknown and its sequel, The Unknown Five, which printed for the first time an AsimovIsaac Isaac Asimov story that had been in UWís inventory when it folded.
